The Health Status of Newborns in Mothers with the Manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection at Different Gestation Period

   Aim: to study the health status of newborns in mothers who have undergone a new coronavirus infection (NCI, COVID-19) at different gestation period.

   Design: a prospective cohort uncontrolled study.

   Materials and methods. 162 newborns were examined, born to women who had had NCI during pregnancy and had no clinical manifestations of the disease at the time of delivery. Group 1 included 38 children whose mothers had NCI in the 1^st trimester of pregnancy; group 2 — 74 children with the manifestation of infection in mothers in the 2^nd trimester; group 3 — 50 children whose mothers had NCI in the 3^rd trimester.

   Results. In children of groups 1 and 3, clinical and laboratory manifestations of intrauterine infection were detected in 42.1 % and 32 % of cases, perinatal lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) 15.8 % and 36 %, respectively, respiratory disorders — 10.4 % and 20 %, intrauterine development delay (IVD) in 10.4 % and 12 % of cases. The most frequent pathological condition of group 2 newborns was transient disorders of carbohydrate metabolism — 32.4 %. Congenital malformations were more common in children of group 1, 15.8 %.

   Discussion. The analysis of the literature data and the results of our study dictates the need for further study of the mechanisms of influence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the course of pregnancy and the health of newborns.

   Conclusion. In the absence of statistically significant differences in the frequency of pathological conditions in newborns of the selected groups, their severity was higher in children whose mothers underwent NCI in the 1st or 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, which is confirmed by the nature of the pathology, the need for transfer to specialized neonatal units.

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