Diabetic Ketoacidos against the Background of Type 2 Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Inhibitor Use in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim. To demonstrate the outcome of type 2 sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT-2) inhibitor use in a young patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of a limited amount of carbohydrates in the diet by developing of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Key points. DKA is an acute life–threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by a complex of symptoms — hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia, metabolic acidosis. It develops in situations where the metabolic need for insulin significantly exceeds its level in the body. After the introduction of SGLT-2 inhibitors into wide clinical practice, the concept of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis appeared, one of the triggers of which is a sharp restriction of carbohydrates in the diet against the background of the use of gliflozines.

Conclusion. SGLT-2 inhibitors are currently one of the key ones in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, nevertheless, in conditions of a sharp shortage of carbohydrates in the diet, they can provoke the development of diabetic ketoacidosis. For this reason, all patients receiving drugs of this group should be aware of the possible risks and trained in methods of preventing the development of complications of diabetes. 

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