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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2022-21-3-17-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-89</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PULMONOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противопневмококковая вакцинация детей с хронической кардиальной патологией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pneumococcal Vaccination of Children with Chronic Heart Disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4901-8159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курдуп</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurdup</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курдуп Мария Константиновна — врач-педиатр, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии и аллергологии Научно-исследовательского института педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariya.kurdup@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-4031</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галицкая</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galitskaya</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галицкая Марина Геннадьевна — к. м. н., врач-педиатр, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии и аллергологии Научно-исследовательского института педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galitskaya.mg@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7780-6737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыдова Ирина Владимировна — д. м. н., врач-пульмонолог, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии и аллергологии Научно-исследовательского института педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davydova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фисенко Андрей Петрович — д. м. н., профессор, директор ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-2885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басаргина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basargina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басаргина Елена Николаевна — д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кардиологическим отделением «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basargina@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-403X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Светлана Геннадиевна — д. м. н., врач-аллерголог, заместитель директора ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России по научной работе, начальник Центра профилактической педиатрии.</p><p>119296, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2/62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/62, Lomonosovskiy Prosp., Moscow, 119296</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sm27@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</issue-title><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курдуп М.К., Галицкая М.Г., Давыдова И.В., Фисенко А.П., Басаргина Е.Н., Макарова С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курдуп М.К., Галицкая М.Г., Давыдова И.В., Фисенко А.П., Басаргина Е.Н., Макарова С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurdup M.K., Galitskaya M.G., Davydova I.V., Fisenko A.P., Basargina E.N., Makarova S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/89">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/89</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проанализировать охват вакцинацией детей с хронической патологией сердечно-сосудистой системы, госпитализированных в ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» в 2018-2019 гг., оценить безопасность и эпидемиологическую эффективность противопневмококковой вакцинации у данной категории детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Дизайн</title><p>Дизайн: ретроспективный анализ историй болезни и прививочных карт; проспективное сравнительное наблюдательное одноцентровое исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли 82 ребенка в возрасте от 1 месяца до 7 лет, находившиеся на обследовании и/или лечении в отделениях кардиологии и кардиохирургии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» в период с января 2018 г. по январь 2020 г. Анкетирование родителей включало вопросы о наличии/отсутствии информации о необходимости вакцинации против пневмококка; о возрасте, когда впервые была проведена вакцинация; причине отсутствия вакцинации у ребенка; наличии/отсутствии ревакцинации в декретированные сроки. Все дети проходили стандартное обследование, в ходе которого определялась степень хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН): 72 (87,8%) ребенка имели степень 2А, 10 (12,2%) — степень 2Б. Среди 82 детей было 30 больных с ВПС, остальные 52 ребенка имели ту или иную форму кардиомиопатии. Использовалась 13-валентная конъюгированная пневмококковая вакцина.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При анализе прививочных карт выяснено, что большинство детей (66) не имели ни одной прививки от пневмококка, в связи с чем им проведена первая вакцинация в ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей». Остальные дети получили соответственно вторую, третью дозу вакцины или ревакцинацию от пневмококка. Ни один ребенок не прошел полный курс вакцинации от пневмококка до начала исследования. При наблюдении у вакцинированных детей не зафиксировано ни одного осложнения в поствакцинальный период. У 12 детей отмечался подъем температуры тела до субфебрильных цифр длительностью от нескольких часов до 2 суток, у 13 — та или иная местная реакция слабой или умеренной выраженности. При контрольном стандартном обследовании не выявлено увеличение степени ХСН или функционального класса ХСН после прививки. До проведения вакцинации все дети относились к группе часто болеющих, а в течение 1-го года после вакцинации заболеваемость острыми респираторными вирусными инфекциями снизилась более чем в 2 раза. Ни у одного ребенка не диагностированы острый средний отит, менингит, отсутствовали обострения или утяжеление течения основного заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Вакцинация против пневмококковой инфекции доказала свои безопасность и эффективность у здоровых детей и у детей с хронической патологией, в том числе с патологией сердечно-сосудистой системы, сопровождающейся ХСН. Актуальной является разработка рекомендаций по вакцинации данной категории пациентов в более ранние сроки, в том числе до оперативного лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Study Objective</title><p>Study Objective: To analyse the vaccination coverage of children with chronic cardiovascular disease hospitalized to the National Medical Research Centre of Children Health during previous for 2018–2019, assess the safety and epidemiological effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination of children with chronic cardiovascular disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Study Design: Retrospective analysis of medical records and vaccination cards; prospective comparative observation one-center study.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. For the period 2018–2019, we analysed 82 cases of children with congenital heart defects (CHD) and cardiomyopathy; 30 children with CHD were vaccinated with conjugated pneumococcal vaccine, and their post-vaccination period and respiratory infections per year after vaccination was analysed.</p><p>The study included 82 children aged from 1 month to 7 years, who were on examination and/or treatment in the departments of cardiology and cardiac surgery National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health in the period from January 2018 to January 2020. The parents' questionnaire included questions on the availability/absence of information on the need for vaccination against pneumococcus; the age when vaccination was first carried out; the reason for the lack of vaccination in the child; existence/absence of revaccination within the specified time. All children underwent a standard examination to determine the extent of chronic heart failure (CHF): 72 (87.8%) children had a degree of 2A, 10 (12.2 %) degree of 2B. 30 of 82 children had congenital heart defect, and the remaining 52 had some form of cardiomyopathy. A 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Study Results</title><p>Study Results. During the analysis of the vaccination cards it was found out that the majority of children (66) did not have a single vaccination against pneumococcus, and therefore he carried out the first vaccination in the National Medical Research Centre of Children Health. The remaining children received a second or third dose of the vaccine, or were reacted against pneumococcus, respectively. No child had a full pneumococcal vaccination before the trial. No post-vaccination complications were reported in vaccinated children. Twelve children had elevated body temperature to sub-febrile figures lasting from a few hours to two days, and 13 had low to moderate local responses. The standard follow-up survey did not show an increase in the CHF degree or CHF functional class after vaccination. Before vaccination all children were in the group of the most frequent patients, and during the first year after vaccination, the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections decreased by more than half. No child diagnosed with acute otitis, meningitis, no aggravation or aggravation of the underlying disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Pneumococcal vaccination has proven to be safe and effective in healthy children and in children with chronic pathologies, including those with CHF-related cardiovascular disease. Relevant is the development of recommendations for vaccination of this category of patients earlier, including before the operative treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмококковая инфекция</kwd><kwd>конъюгированная пневмококковая вакцина</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки сердца</kwd><kwd>кардиомиопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pneumococcal infection</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal conjugate vaccine</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>congenital heart defects</kwd><kwd>cardiomyopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martins W.A., Oliveira G.M., Brandão A.A. et al. Vaccinating patients with heart disease against COVID-19: the reasons for priority. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2021; 116(2): 213–18. 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