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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2024-23-2-38-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-40</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы использования лабораторных биомаркеров в диагностике употребления алкоголя в пренатальном периоде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perspectives in Using of Laboratory Biomarkers in Diagnostics of Alcohol Use in the Prenatal Period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-2172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марянян</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marianian</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марянян Анаит Юрьевна  — д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории социально значимых проблем репродуктологии; доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии,</p><p>664003,  Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, д. 16.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16, Timiryazeva Str., Irkutsk, 664003; 100, Yubileyniy Distr., Irkutsk, 664049.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anait_24@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-020X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачева</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karacheva</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карачева Анастасия Николаевна — аспирант и лаборант-исследователь лаборатории социально значимых проблем репродуктологии,</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, д. 16.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16, Timiryazeva Str., Irkutsk, 664003.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalkova_nastya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-5154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рашидова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rashidova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашидова Мария Александровна — к. б. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и патологии эндокринной системы,</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Тимирязева, д. 16. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>16, Timiryazeva Str., Irkutsk, 664003.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rashidovama@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7670-8366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахтаирова</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhtairova</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахтаирова Вера Ильинична — к. м. н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой химии и биохимии,</p><p>664003, Иркутск, ул. Красного Восстания, д. 1. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya Str., Irkutsk, 664003.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5444-5086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина Алёна Борисовна / Ilyina, A.B. — врач-невролог, заведующая психоневрологическим отделением,</p><p>664009, Иркутск, ул. Советская, д. 57.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>57, Sovetskaya Str., Irkutsk, Russian Fedeation 664009.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenaiiilina_24@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»; Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования — филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems; Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education – Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Иркутский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГАУЗ «Городская Ивано-Матренинская детская клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Ivano-Matreninsk Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Марянян А.Ю., Карачева А.Н., Рашидова М.А., Бахтаирова В.И., Ильина А.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марянян А.Ю., Карачева А.Н., Рашидова М.А., Бахтаирова В.И., Ильина А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marianian A.Y., Karacheva A.N., Rashidova M.A., Bakhtairova V.I., Ilyina A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/40">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/40</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора. Проанализировать методы лабораторной диагностики, подтверждающие факт однократного и/или хронического употребления алкоголя, детектируемого в течение 28 сут после последнего приема алкоголя, и возможности применения наиболее эффективных методов в скрининге употребления алкоголя беременными и женщинами репродуктивного возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Проведен анализ отечественной и зарубежной научной литературы с применением ключевых слов: фетальный алкогольный синдром, фетальное расстройство алкогольного спектра, беременность, биомаркеры употребления алкоголя, фосфатидилэтанол, анализ крови. Обзор составлен по базам данных: Scopus, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, РИНЦ и др. Материал собран на основе данных обзорных статей, отбор проведен в зависимости от научной ценности, с формированием окончательного списка литературы по релевантности проанализированного материала.</p><p>В настоящий обзор было включено 35 статей (36,4% от общего числа найденных записей). Все включенные записи были оригинальными статьями, из которых было 15 проспективных когортных исследований, 20 наблюдательно-описательных исследований. В исследованиях анализировали уровень фосфатидилэтанола (PEth) и другие биомаркеры в крови новорожденных в неонатальной крови и у беременных женщин. В 80% включенных статьях PEth оказался более чувствительным методом диагностики, чем другие биомаркеры употребления алкоголя.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Беременные женщины, как правило, занижают информацию о своем употреблении алкоголя, что порождает потребность в чувствительных и специфичных биомаркерах. Исследования показывают, что PEth обладает высокой специфичностью в диагностике употребления алкоголя и предоставляет возможность определения факта употребления алкоголя в пренатальном периоде у беременных и в крови новорожденного. Накопленные данные позволяют считать определение PEth в крови перспективным маркером эпизодического употребления алкоголя как в малых, так и больших дозах, а также хронической алкогольной интоксикации. Актуальной задачей дальнейших исследований является изучение чувствительности, специфичности, пороговых значений PEth при различных режимах употребления спиртных напитков и алкоголизации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze laboratory diagnostic methods confirming the fact of alcohol consumption in order to determine the possibility of using the most effective methods in screening for the detection of alcohol in the blood of women of reproductive age and pregnant women.</p></sec><sec><title>Key points</title><p>Key points. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature was carried out using the keywords: fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, pregnancy, biomarkers of alcohol consumption, phosphatidylethanol, blood test. The review was compiled according to the databases: Scopus, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RSCI, etc. The material was collected on the basis of the literature data of review articles, the selection was carried out depending on the scientific value, with the formation of the final list of references according to the relevance of the analyzed material.</p><p>This review included 35 articles (36.4% of the total number of records found). All entries included were original articles, of which there were 15 prospective cohort studies, 20 observational-descriptive studies. The studies analyzed phosphatidylethanol (PEth), and other biomarkers in newborn blood in neonatal blood and in pregnant women. In 80% of the included articles, PEth was found to be a more sensitive diagnostic tool than other biomarkers of alcohol use.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Pregnant women tend to underreport their alcohol use, which creates a need for sensitive and specific biomarkers. Studies show that PEth has a high specificity in the diagnosis of alcohol use and provides the ability to determine the fact of alcohol consumption in the prenatal period in pregnant women and in the blood of a newborn. In general, the accumulated data allow us to consider the determination of PEth in the blood as a promising marker of episodic alcohol use, both in small and large doses, as well as chronic alcohol intoxication. An urgent task for further research is to study the sensitivity, specificity, threshold values of PEth for various regimens of alcohol consumption and alcoholization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкоголь</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры употребления алкоголя</kwd><kwd>фосфатидилэтанол</kwd><kwd>биохимические методы</kwd><kwd>анализ крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>alcohol use biomarkers</kwd><kwd>phosphatidylethanol</kwd><kwd>biochemical methods</kwd><kwd>blood test</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хапкина А.В., Михайлова А.В., Илюхина Д.М., Желткова Л.А. Использование лабораторных биомаркеров в диагностике хронического злоупотребления алкоголем. Известия ТулГУ. Естественные науки. 2019;(4):45–57. [Khapkina A.V., Mikhailov A.V., Ilyukhin D.M., Zheltkova L.A. 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