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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2023-22-3-56-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности психологического статуса матерей недоношенных и доношенных детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Psychological Features of Mothers of Premature and Full-term Babies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арустамян</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arustamyan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арустамян Марине Ареговна — преподаватель кафедры педиатрии № 1, врач-педиатр Клиники педиатрии № 1 университетского больничного комплекса «Мурацан»</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">manyu77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аветисян</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avetisyan</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аветисян Лариса Рафаеловна — проректор по учебной работе, заведующая кафедрой гигиены и экологии</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisaravetisyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котанян</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotanyan</surname><given-names>A. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котанян Арменуи Осиповна — ассистент профессора кафедры гигиены и экологии</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">armin-qot@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганян</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ohanyan</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оганян Марина Рудольфовна — доцент кафедры семейной медицины</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ohanmara@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мардиян</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mardiyan</surname><given-names>M. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мардиян Марине Араратовна — профессор кафедры общественного здравоохранения и организации здравоохранения</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmarina87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чопикян</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chopikyan</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чопикян Армине Самвеловна — преподаватель кафедры общественного здравоохранения и организации здравоохранения</p><p>0025, г. Ереван ул. Корьюна, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arminchopikyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ереванский государственный медицинский университет имени Мхитара Гераци</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</issue-title><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Арустамян М.А., Аветисян Л.Р., Котанян А.О., Оганян М.Р., Мардиян М.А., Чопикян А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Арустамян М.А., Аветисян Л.Р., Котанян А.О., Оганян М.Р., Мардиян М.А., Чопикян А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Arustamyan M.A., Avetisyan L.R., Kotanyan A.О., Ohanyan M.R., Mardiyan M.А., Chopikyan A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/315">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/315</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить психологический статус матерей недоношенных и доношенных детей и их отношение к грудному вскармливанию.</p></sec><sec><title>Дизайн</title><p>Дизайн: обсервационное исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании принимали участие женщины на сроке 12 недель беременности, случайным образом отобранные из 5 родильных домов г. Еревана. В исследование включены 268 женщин. После родов сформированы группы матерей доношенных (n = 239) и недоношенных (n = 29) детей. Анализировались исходные демографические характеристики, медицинские данные о здоровье матери, о беременности и родах, а также медицинские данные новорожденных. У участниц оценивали депрессивные симптомы с помощью шкалы депрессии Бека, а уровень ситуативной и личностной тревожности — с использованием шкалы оценки тревожности Спилбергера — Ханина. Результаты. Оценка психологического состояния выявляла высокий уровень ситуативной тревожности, который составил 26,7 ± 1,4 и 45,8 ± 1,5 балла у матерей доношенных и недоношенных соответственно, у матерей недоношенных детей она была значимо более выраженной (р &lt; 0,05). Личностная тревожность имела сравнительно инертный характер, значимые различия между группами отсутствовали (р &gt; 0,05). Депрессивные симптомы также оказались более выраженными у матерей недоношенных (умеренная депрессия), чем доношенных детей (легкое нарушение настроения): 22,5 ± 0,8 против 11,4 ± 0,9 балла (р &lt; 0,01). У большинства (68,3%) женщин с преждевременными родами наблюдался высокий уровень ситуативной тревожности (р &lt; 0,01 для отличия от участниц с доношенными детьми). У женщин, которые были намерены дольше кормить грудью после рождения младенцев, проявления депрессии оказались более выраженными. У матерей доношенных и недоношенных детей отношение к грудному вскармливанию до родов положительно коррелировало с уровнем депрессии по шкале Бека (r = 0,75, p = 0,02 и r = 0,68, p &lt; 0,01 соответственно). Степень ситуативной тревожности у матерей недоношенных детей имела корреляцию с длительностью госпитализации (r = 0,9, p = 0,008).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Матери недоношенных детей чаще нуждаются в психологической помощи в связи с высокой выраженностью ситуативной тревожности и депрессивной симптоматики. Грудное вскармливание является прекрасным биологическим инструментом для улучшения взаимодействия матери и ребенка, повышающим психологический комфорт и уменьшающим тревогу и депрессию.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To evaluate the psychological peculiarities of mothers of preterm and term birth infants, and their attitude to breastfeeding before and after childbirth.</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Design: Observational study.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The subjects of the research were a pregnant woman at 12-week gestation randomly selected from 5 maternity hospitals in Yerevan. 268 pregnant women were eligible for inclusion in this observational study and created a total group. After birth, mothers were divided into groups of full-term (n = 239) and premature (n = 29) babies. We analysed baseline demographics, health information of the mother, history of pregnancy and delivery, as well as health information of babies. We assessed the presence of depressive symptoms with a Beck Depression Inventory and situational and individual anxiety levels with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Assessment of the psychological status demonstrated a high level of state anxiety: 26.7 ± 1.4 and 45.8 ± 1.5 points in mothers of full-term and premature babies, respectively; in mothers of premature babies, the value was significantly higher (р &lt; 0.05). Personal anxiety was relatively inert, there were no significant differences between the groups (p &gt; 0.05). Depressive symptoms were also more pronounced in preterm mothers (moderate depression) than in term birth mothers (mild mood disturbance): 22.5 ± 0.8 points vs. 11.4 ± 0.9 points (p &lt; 0.01). The majority of women (68.3%) who had preterm delivery had a high level of state anxiety (р &lt; 0.01 vs. mothers of full-term babies). Women who were ready to breastfeed longer after the baby is born had more marked signs of depression. In mothers full-term and premature babies, the attitude to breastfeeding before delivery demonstrated direct correlation with the level of depression on Beck depression inventory (r = 0.75, p = 0.02 and r = 0.68, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). The degree of state anxiety in mothers of premature babies correlated with hospitalisation duration (r = 0.9, p = 0.008).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Mothers of preterm infants need psychological care based on high level of situational anxiety and depressive symptoms. Breastfeeding is a good biological tool for improved interaction of the mother with her baby; it boosts psychological comfort and reduces anxiety and depression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>тревожность</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие матери и ребенка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preterm birth</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>mother-infant interaction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brandon D.H., Tully K.P., Silva S.G., Malcolm W.F. et al. Emotional responses of mothers of late-preterm and term infants. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Neonatal Nurs. 2011;40(6):719–31. 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