docruДоктор.РуTitle1727-23782713-2994ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"10.31550/1727-2378-2022-21-5-38-42docru-276Research ArticleАКУШЕРСТВО И ПЕРИНАТОЛОГИЯOBSTETRICS AND PERINATOLOGYХориоамнионит. Современный взгляд на проблемуChorioamnionitis. Modern View of the Problemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9481-8812КравченкоЕ. Н.KravchenkoE. N.

Кравченко Елена Николаевна — д. м. н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии № 1

644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

12 Lenina Str., Omsk, 644043

kravchenko.en@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1496-6450КуклинаЛ. В.KuklinaL. V.

Куклина Лариса Владимировна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии № 1

644099, г. Омск, ул. Ленина, д. 12

12 Lenina Str., Omsk, 644043

kuklinalara@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-2823БарановИ. И.BaranovI. I.

Баранов Игорь Иванович — д. м. н., профессор, заведующий отделом научно-образовательных программ

117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

4 Academician Oparin Str., Moscow, 117997

i_baranov@oparina4.ruФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияOmsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияV.I. Kulakov National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202219022025215ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ3842Copyright © Кравченко Е.Н., Куклина Л.В., Баранов И.И., 20252025Кравченко Е.Н., Куклина Л.В., Баранов И.И.Kravchenko E.N., Kuklina L.V., Baranov I.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/276

Цель обзора: всесторонне осветить актуальную акушерскую проблему — хориоамнионит (ХА).Основные положения. ХА приводит к повышенному риску формирования других акушерских осложнений. Новорожденные от матерей с ХА подвергаются высокому риску неонатального сепсиса, бронхолегочной дисплазии, внутрижелудочкового кровоизлияния, перивентрикулярной лейкомаляции, неонатальной смерти. Авторы склоняются к замене термина ХА более общим описательным термином «внутриутробное воспаление, или инфекция, или и то, и другое» (Triple I). Для дальнейшего уточнения определения и лечения этой сложной группы состояний необходим комплекс исследований.Заключение. В последние годы идут дискуссии по некоторым вопросам, касающимся проблемы ХА. Так, были предложены новые термины, уточнены диагностические критерии, в то же время основные изменения касаются в первую очередь перинатальных аспектов, в частности ведения новорожденных, рожденных от матерей с подозрением на внутриутробную инфекцию и от матерей с клинически выраженным ХА; при этом авторы считают, что необходимо тщательно наблюдать, а не лечить родившихся в удовлетворительном состоянии доношенных и поздно недоношенных новорожденных. Большинство исследователей предпочитают такую стратегию эмпирической антимикробной терапии.

Objective of the Review: To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the problem of obstetrics chorioamnionitis (HA).Key Points. HA leads to an increased risk of other obstetric complications. Newborns from mothers with HA are at high risk of neonatal sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, neonatal death. The authors tend to replace the term HA with a more general descriptive term: “intrauterine inflammation or infection, or both” (Triple I). To further clarify the definition and treatment of this complex group of conditions, a set of studies is needed.Conclusion. In recent years, there have been changes in opinion on some issues regarding the problem of HA. So, new terms were proposed, diagnostic criteria were clarified, at the same time, the main changes relate, first of all, to perinatal aspects, more precisely in the management of newborns from mothers with suspected intrauterine infection and from mothers with HA, to observe (rather than treat) those born in a satisfactory condition of full-term and late premature newborns. That is, investigators tend to favor a management strategy consisting of close observation of healthy full-term and late preterm infants suspected of having intrauterine infection, which they consider to be preferable to empiric antimicrobial therapy.

хориоамнионитвнутриутробная инфекцияинфекции амниотической полости и плодных оболочекchorioamnionitisintrauterine infectioninfections of the amniotic cavity and fetal membranesReferencesSchmitz T., Sentilhes L., Lorthe E., Gallot D. et al. [Preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF Guidelines for clinical practice — short version]. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 2018; 46(12): 998–1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.016Schmitz T., Sentilhes L., Lorthe E., Gallot D. et al. [Preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF Guidelines for clinical practice — short version]. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 2018; 46(12): 998–1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.016Conde-Agudelo A., Romero R., Jung E.J., Garcia Sánchez Á.J. Management of clinical chorioamnionitis: an evidence-based approach. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020; 223(6): 848–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.044Conde-Agudelo A., Romero R., Jung E.J., Garcia Sánchez Á.J. Management of clinical chorioamnionitis: an evidence-based approach. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020; 223(6): 848–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.044Racusin D.A., Chen H.-Y., Bhalwal A., Wiley R. et al. Chorioamnionitis and adverse outcomes in low-risk pregnancies: a population-based study. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021; 1–9. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1887126Racusin D.A., Chen H.-Y., Bhalwal A., Wiley R. et al. Chorioamnionitis and adverse outcomes in low-risk pregnancies: a population-based study. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021; 1–9. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1887126Perry A., Rossi R., Defranco E. Severe adverse maternal outcomes associated with chorioamnionitis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. MFM. 2019; 1(3): 100027. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.06.006Perry A., Rossi R., Defranco E. Severe adverse maternal outcomes associated with chorioamnionitis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. MFM. 2019; 1(3): 100027. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.06.006Dotters-Katz S.K., Feldman C., Puechl A., Grotegut C.A. et al. Risk factors for post-operative wound infection in the setting of chorioamnionitis and cesarean delivery. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016; 29(10): 1541–5. DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1058773Dotters-Katz S.K., Feldman C., Puechl A., Grotegut C.A. et al. Risk factors for post-operative wound infection in the setting of chorioamnionitis and cesarean delivery. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016; 29(10): 1541–5. DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1058773Romero R., Chaemsaithong P., Korzeniewski S.J., Kusanovic J.P. et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term III: how well do clinical criteria perform in the identification of proven intra-amniotic infection? J. Perinat. Med. 2016; 44(1): 23–32. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2015-0044Romero R., Chaemsaithong P., Korzeniewski S.J., Kusanovic J.P. et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term III: how well do clinical criteria perform in the identification of proven intra-amniotic infection? J. Perinat. Med. 2016; 44(1): 23–32. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2015-0044Oh K.J., Romero R., Park J.Y., Hong J.-S. et al. The earlier the gestational age, the greater the intensity of the intra-amniotic inflammatory response in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes and amniotic fluid infection by Ureaplasma species. J. Perinat. Med. 2019; 47(5): 516–27. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0003Oh K.J., Romero R., Park J.Y., Hong J.-S. et al. The earlier the gestational age, the greater the intensity of the intra-amniotic inflammatory response in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes and amniotic fluid infection by Ureaplasma species. J. Perinat. Med. 2019; 47(5): 516–27. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0003Romero R., Gomez-Lopez N., Kusanovic J.P., Pacora P. et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: new insights into the etiology, microbiology, and the fetal, maternal and amniotic cavity inflammatory responses. Nogyogyaszati Szuleszeti Tovabbkepzo Szemle. 2018; 20(3): 103–12.Romero R., Gomez-Lopez N., Kusanovic J.P., Pacora P. et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: new insights into the etiology, microbiology, and the fetal, maternal and amniotic cavity inflammatory responses. Nogyogyaszati Szuleszeti Tovabbkepzo Szemle. 2018; 20(3): 103–12.Venkatesh K.K., Glover A.V., Vladutiu C.J., Stamilio D.M. Association of chorioamnionitis and its duration with adverse maternal outcomes by mode of delivery: a cohort study. BJOG. 2019; 126(6): 719–27. DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15565Venkatesh K.K., Glover A.V., Vladutiu C.J., Stamilio D.M. Association of chorioamnionitis and its duration with adverse maternal outcomes by mode of delivery: a cohort study. BJOG. 2019; 126(6): 719–27. DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15565Randis T.M., Rice M.M., Myatt L., Tita A.T.N. et al. Incidence of early-onset sepsis in infants born to women with clinical chorioamnionitis. J. Perinat. Med. 2018; 46(8): 926–33. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2017-0192Randis T.M., Rice M.M., Myatt L., Tita A.T.N. et al. Incidence of early-onset sepsis in infants born to women with clinical chorioamnionitis. J. Perinat. Med. 2018; 46(8): 926–33. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2017-0192Venkatesh K.K., Jackson W., Hughes B.L., Laughon M.M. et al. Association of chorioamnionitis and its duration with neonatal morbidity and mortality. J. Perinatol. 2019; 39(5): 673–82. DOI: 10.1038/s41372-019-0322-0Venkatesh K.K., Jackson W., Hughes B.L., Laughon M.M. et al. Association of chorioamnionitis and its duration with neonatal morbidity and mortality. J. Perinatol. 2019; 39(5): 673–82. DOI: 10.1038/s41372-019-0322-0Gowda H., Norton R., White A., Kandasamy Y. Late-onset neonatal sepsis — a 10-year review from North Queensland, Australia. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2017; 36(9): 883–8. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001568Gowda H., Norton R., White A., Kandasamy Y. Late-onset neonatal sepsis — a 10-year review from North Queensland, Australia. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2017; 36(9): 883–8. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001568Villamor-Martinez E., Álvarez-Fuente M., Ghazi A.M.T., Degraeuwe P. et al. Association of chorioamnionitis with bronchopulmonary dysplasia among preterm infants: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression. JAMA Netw. Open. 2019; 2(11): e1914611. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14611Villamor-Martinez E., Álvarez-Fuente M., Ghazi A.M.T., Degraeuwe P. et al. Association of chorioamnionitis with bronchopulmonary dysplasia among preterm infants: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression. JAMA Netw. Open. 2019; 2(11): e1914611. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.14611Wang L.-W., Lin Y.-C., Wang S.-T., Huang C.-C. Identifying risk factors shared by bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe retinopathy, and cystic periventricular leukomalacia in very preterm infants for targeted intervention. Neonatology. 2018; 114(1): 17–24. DOI: 10.1159/000487505Wang L.-W., Lin Y.-C., Wang S.-T., Huang C.-C. Identifying risk factors shared by bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe retinopathy, and cystic periventricular leukomalacia in very preterm infants for targeted intervention. Neonatology. 2018; 114(1): 17–24. DOI: 10.1159/000487505Xing L., Wang G., Chen R., Ren J. et al. Is chorioamnionitis associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants? A systematic review and metaanalysis following PRISMA. Med. (Baltimore). 2019; 98(50): e18229. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018229Xing L., Wang G., Chen R., Ren J. et al. Is chorioamnionitis associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants? A systematic review and metaanalysis following PRISMA. Med. (Baltimore). 2019; 98(50): e18229. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018229Spiegel A.M., Li J., Oehlert J.W., Mayo J.A. et al. A genome-wide analysis of clinical chorioamnionitis among preterm infants. Am. J. Perinatol. 2019; 36(14): 1453–8. DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1677503Spiegel A.M., Li J., Oehlert J.W., Mayo J.A. et al. A genome-wide analysis of clinical chorioamnionitis among preterm infants. Am. J. Perinatol. 2019; 36(14): 1453–8. DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1677503Romero-Guzman G.J., Lopez-Munoz F. [Prevalence and risk factors for periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants. A systematic review]. Rev. Neurol. 2017; 65(2): 57–62.Romero-Guzman G.J., Lopez-Munoz F. [Prevalence and risk factors for periventricular leukomalacia in preterm infants. A systematic review]. Rev. Neurol. 2017; 65(2): 57–62.Xiao D., Zhu T., Qu Y., Gou X. et al. Maternal chorioamnionitis and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm and very preterm neonates: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018; 13(12): e0208302. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208302Xiao D., Zhu T., Qu Y., Gou X. et al. Maternal chorioamnionitis and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm and very preterm neonates: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018; 13(12): e0208302. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208302Maisonneuve E., Ancel P.-Y., Foix-L’Hélias L., Marret S. et al. Impact of clinical and/or histological chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a literature review. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod. 2017; 46(4): 307–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2017.02.007Maisonneuve E., Ancel P.-Y., Foix-L’Hélias L., Marret S. et al. Impact of clinical and/or histological chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a literature review. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod. 2017; 46(4): 307–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2017.02.007Ylijoki M.K., Ekholm E., Ekblad M., Lehtonen L. Prenatal risk factors for adverse developmental outcome in preterm infants — systematic review. Front. Psychol. 2019; 10: 595. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00595Ylijoki M.K., Ekholm E., Ekblad M., Lehtonen L. Prenatal risk factors for adverse developmental outcome in preterm infants — systematic review. Front. Psychol. 2019; 10: 595. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00595Shi Z., Ma L., Luo K., Bajaj M. et al. Chorioamnionitis in the development of cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Pediatrics. 2017; 139(6): e20163781. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3781Shi Z., Ma L., Luo K., Bajaj M. et al. Chorioamnionitis in the development of cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Pediatrics. 2017; 139(6): e20163781. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-3781Peng C.C., Chang J.H., Lin H.Y., Cheng P.J. et al. Intrauterine inflammation, infection, or both (Triple I): a new concept for chorioamnionitis. Pediatr. Neonatol. 2018; 59(3): 231–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2017.09.001Peng C.C., Chang J.H., Lin H.Y., Cheng P.J. et al. Intrauterine inflammation, infection, or both (Triple I): a new concept for chorioamnionitis. Pediatr. Neonatol. 2018; 59(3): 231–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2017.09.001Romero R., Gomez-Lopez N., Winters A.D., Jung E. et al. Evidence that intra-amniotic infections are often the result of an ascending invasion — a molecular microbiological study. J. Perinat. Med. 2019; 47(9): 915–31. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0297Romero R., Gomez-Lopez N., Winters A.D., Jung E. et al. Evidence that intra-amniotic infections are often the result of an ascending invasion — a molecular microbiological study. J. Perinat. Med. 2019; 47(9): 915–31. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0297Sorano S., Goto M., Matsuoka S., Tohyama A. et al. Chorioamnionitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus with intact membranes in a term pregnancy: a case of maternal and fetal septic shock. J. Infect. Chemother. 2016; 22(4): 261–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.012Sorano S., Goto M., Matsuoka S., Tohyama A. et al. Chorioamnionitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus with intact membranes in a term pregnancy: a case of maternal and fetal septic shock. J. Infect. Chemother. 2016; 22(4): 261–4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.012Radochova V., Musilova I., Stepan M., Vescicik P. et al. Periodontal disease and intra-amniotic complications in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017; 31(21): 2852–61. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1358265Radochova V., Musilova I., Stepan M., Vescicik P. et al. Periodontal disease and intra-amniotic complications in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017; 31(21): 2852–61. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1358265Freud A., Wainstock T., Sheiner E., Beloosesky R. et al. Maternal chorioamnionitis & long term neurological morbidity in the offspring. Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. 2019; 23(3): 484–90. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.03.005Freud A., Wainstock T., Sheiner E., Beloosesky R. et al. Maternal chorioamnionitis & long term neurological morbidity in the offspring. Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. 2019; 23(3): 484–90. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.03.005Fowler J.R., Simon L.V. Chorioamnionitis. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.Fowler J.R., Simon L.V. Chorioamnionitis. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.Туманова У.Н., Шувалова М.П., Щеголев А.И. Хориоамнионит и ранняя неонатальная смертность (по данным Росстата в 2012–2016 годах). Международный журнал прикладных и фундаментальных исследований. 2018; 8: 49–53. DOI: 10.17513/mjpfi.12363Tumanova U.N., Shuvalova M.P., Shchegolev A.I. Chorioamnionitis and early neonatal mortality (according to Rosstat in 2012–2016). International Journal of Applied and Basic Research. 2018; 8: 49–53. (in Russian) DOI: 10.17513/mjpfi.12363Беженарь В.Ф., Шапкайц В.А., Добровольская И.А., Рукояткина Е.А. и др. Клинические особенности и критерии диагностики хориоамнионита на современном этапе. Репродуктивное здоровье. Восточная Европа. 2018; 8(6): 804–11.Bezhenar V.F., Shapkaitz V.A., Dobrovolskaya I.A., Rukoiatkina E.A. et al. Modern clinical peculiarities and diagnostic criteria for chorioamnionitis. Reproductive Health. Eastern Europe. 2018; 8(6): 804–11. (in Russian)Johnson C.T., Adami R.R., Farzin A. Antibiotic therapy for chorioamnionitis to reduce the global burden of associated disease. Front. Pharmacol. 2017; 8: 97. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00097Johnson C.T., Adami R.R., Farzin A. Antibiotic therapy for chorioamnionitis to reduce the global burden of associated disease. Front. Pharmacol. 2017; 8: 97. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00097Johnson C.T., Farzin A., Burd I. Current management and long-term outcomes following chorioamnionitis. Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am. 2014; 41(4): 649–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.08.007Johnson C.T., Farzin A., Burd I. Current management and long-term outcomes following chorioamnionitis. Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am. 2014; 41(4): 649–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2014.08.007Beucher G., Charlier C., Cazеnave C. Diagnosis and management of intra-uterine infection: CNGOF Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Guidelines. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 2018; 46(12): 1054–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.022Beucher G., Charlier C., Cazеnave C. Diagnosis and management of intra-uterine infection: CNGOF Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Guidelines. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 2018; 46(12): 1054–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.10.022Higgins R.D., Saade G., Polin R.A., Grobman W.A. et al. Evaluation and management of women and newborns with a maternal diagnosis of chorioamnionitis: summary of a workshop. Obstet. Gynecol. 2016; 127(3): 426–36. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001246Higgins R.D., Saade G., Polin R.A., Grobman W.A. et al. Evaluation and management of women and newborns with a maternal diagnosis of chorioamnionitis: summary of a workshop. Obstet. Gynecol. 2016; 127(3): 426–36. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001246Shanks A.L., Mehra S., Gross G., Colvin R. et al. Treatment utility of postpartum antibiotics in chorioamnionitis study. Am. J. Perinatol. 2016; 33(8): 732–7. DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571327Shanks A.L., Mehra S., Gross G., Colvin R. et al. Treatment utility of postpartum antibiotics in chorioamnionitis study. Am. J. Perinatol. 2016; 33(8): 732–7. DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571327Li C., Miao J.K., Xu Y., Hua Y.Y. et al. Prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2017; 24(8): 1006–15. DOI: 10.1111/ene.13337Li C., Miao J.K., Xu Y., Hua Y.Y. et al. Prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Neurol. 2017; 24(8): 1006–15. DOI: 10.1111/ene.13337Burgess A.P.H., Katz J.E., Moretti M., Lakhi N. Risk factors for intrapartum fever in term gestations and associated maternal and neonatal sequelae. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 2017; 82(5): 508–16. DOI: 10.1159/000453611Burgess A.P.H., Katz J.E., Moretti M., Lakhi N. Risk factors for intrapartum fever in term gestations and associated maternal and neonatal sequelae. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 2017; 82(5): 508–16. DOI: 10.1159/000453611Wang C., Schroeder I., Cazales A., Kim R. et al. Management of fever in labor after institution of a standardized order set at a maternity quaternary care center. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2019; 221(6): 687. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.041Wang C., Schroeder I., Cazales A., Kim R. et al. Management of fever in labor after institution of a standardized order set at a maternity quaternary care center. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2019; 221(6): 687. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.041Ashwal E., Salman L., Tzur Y., Aviram A. et al. Intrapartum fever and the risk for perinatal complications — the effect of fever duration and positive cultures. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018; 31(11): 1418–25. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1317740Ashwal E., Salman L., Tzur Y., Aviram A. et al. Intrapartum fever and the risk for perinatal complications — the effect of fever duration and positive cultures. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018; 31(11): 1418–25. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1317740Dior U.P., Kogan L., Eventov-Friedman S., Gil M. et al. Very high intrapartum fever in term pregnancies and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Neonatology. 2016; 109(1): 62–8. DOI: 10.1159/000440938Dior U.P., Kogan L., Eventov-Friedman S., Gil M. et al. Very high intrapartum fever in term pregnancies and adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Neonatology. 2016; 109(1): 62–8. DOI: 10.1159/000440938Lange E.M.S., Segal S., Pancaro C., Wong C.A. et al. Association between intrapartum magnesium administration and the incidence of maternal fever: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Anesthesiology. 2017; 127(6): 942–52. DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001872Lange E.M.S., Segal S., Pancaro C., Wong C.A. et al. Association between intrapartum magnesium administration and the incidence of maternal fever: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Anesthesiology. 2017; 127(6): 942–52. DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001872Spain J.E., Tuuli M.G., Macones G.A., Roehl K.A. et al. Risk factors for serious morbidity in term nonanomalous neonates. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2015; 212(6): 799.e1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.01.028Spain J.E., Tuuli M.G., Macones G.A., Roehl K.A. et al. Risk factors for serious morbidity in term nonanomalous neonates. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2015; 212(6): 799.e1–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.01.028Doyle L.W., Crowther C.A., Middleton P., Marret S. et al. Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2009; 1: CD004661. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004661.pub3Doyle L.W., Crowther C.A., Middleton P., Marret S. et al. Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2009; 1: CD004661. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004661.pub3Norman M., Piedvache A., Børch K., Huusom L.D. et al. Association of short antenatal corticosteroid administration-to-birth intervals with survival and morbidity among very preterm infants: results from the EPICE Cohort. JAMA Pediatr. 2017; 171(7): 678–86. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0602Norman M., Piedvache A., Børch K., Huusom L.D. et al. Association of short antenatal corticosteroid administration-to-birth intervals with survival and morbidity among very preterm infants: results from the EPICE Cohort. JAMA Pediatr. 2017; 171(7): 678–86. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0602Müller H., Stähling A.C., Bruns N., Weiss C. et al. Latency duration of preterm premature rupture of membranes and neonatal outcome: a retrospective single-center experience. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2022; 181(2): 801–11. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04245-2Müller H., Stähling A.C., Bruns N., Weiss C. et al. Latency duration of preterm premature rupture of membranes and neonatal outcome: a retrospective single-center experience. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2022; 181(2): 801–11. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04245-2Galli L., Dall’Asta A., Whelehan V., Archer A. et al. Intrapartum cardiotocography patterns observed in suspected clinical and subclinical chorioamnionitis in term fetuses. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2019; 45(12): 2343–50. DOI: 10.1111/jog.14133Galli L., Dall’Asta A., Whelehan V., Archer A. et al. Intrapartum cardiotocography patterns observed in suspected clinical and subclinical chorioamnionitis in term fetuses. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2019; 45(12): 2343–50. DOI: 10.1111/jog.14133Heumann C.L., Quilter L.A.S., Eastment M.C., Heffron R. et al. Adverse birth outcomes and maternal neisseria gonorrhoeae infection: a population-based cohort study in Washington State. Sex. Transm. Dis. 2017; 44(5): 266–71. DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000592Heumann C.L., Quilter L.A.S., Eastment M.C., Heffron R. et al. Adverse birth outcomes and maternal neisseria gonorrhoeae infection: a population-based cohort study in Washington State. Sex. Transm. Dis. 2017; 44(5): 266–71. DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000592Ходжаева З.С., Гусейнова Г.Э., Муравьева В.В., Донников А.Е. и др. Характеристика микробиоты влагалища у беременных с досрочным преждевременным разрывом плодных оболочек. Акушерство и гинекология. 2019; 12: 64–73. DOI: 10.18565/AIG.2019.12.66-74Khodzhaeva Z.S., Guseinova G.E., Muravyeva V.V., Donnikov A.E. et al. Characteristics of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Obstetrics and Gynegology. 2019; 12: 64–73. (in Russian) DOI: 10.18565/AIG.2019.12.66-74Smaill F.M., Vazquez J.C. Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2019; 2019(11): CD000490. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000490.pub4Smaill F.M., Vazquez J.C. Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2019; 2019(11): CD000490. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000490.pub4Кравченко Е.Н., Гордеева И.А. Особенности течения и гестации и родов при бессимптомной бактериурии у беременных: практический опыт и лечебные аспекты. Гинекология. 2014; 16(2): 78–81.Kravchenko E.N., Gordeeva I.A. Features of the course of gestation and birth for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women, experience and therapeutic aspects. Ginecology. 2014; 16(2): 78–81. (in Russian)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.