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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2024-23-5-23-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-морфологическая оценка миометрия у пациенток с аномалиями родовой деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Morphological Assessment of Myometrium to the Patients with Abnormalities of Labor</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6706-549X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Себякина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sebyakina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Себякина Татьяна Александровна — к. м. н., ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии</p><p>305041, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Karl Marks Str., Kursk, 305041</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor_gyn11@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2350-1740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Оксана Юрьевна — д. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии</p><p>305041, г. Курск, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Karl Marks Str., Kursk, 305041</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanovao1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</issue-title><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Себякина Т.А., Иванова О.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Себякина Т.А., Иванова О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sebyakina T.A., Ivanova O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/260">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/260</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить клинико-анамнестические предикторы и морфологические маркеры при аномалиях родовой деятельности у женщин, родоразрешенных путем операции кесарева сечения (КС).</p></sec><sec><title>Дизайн</title><p>Дизайн. Проспективное когортное исследование в параллельных группах.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на клинической базе кафедры акушерства и гинекологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России в акушерском стационаре ОБУЗ «КГК Больница скорой медицинской помощи» г. Курска. Обследованы 110 беременных, родоразрешенные в сроки 37–41 недель беременности путем операции КC. Пациентки были разделены на две группы: основную составили 65 женщин, у которых показанием к КC являлись аномалии родовой деятельности, не поддающиеся медикаментозной коррекции; в группу сравнения вошли 45 беременных, родоразрешенные путем КC по причине развития плацента-ассоциированных осложнений (острой внутриутробной гипоксии плода, преждевременной отслойки нормально расположенной плаценты, тяжелой преэклампсии). Критериями исключения из исследования явились многоплодная беременность, тяжелая экстрагенитальная патология, возраст старше 40 лет. Обследование пациенток включало изучение общего и акушерского анамнезов, объективное, акушерское, ультразвуковое, допплерометрическое, морфологическое исследования и статистическую обработку полученных результатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В основной группе отмечено статистически значимое преобладание пациенток с наличием таких клинических характеристик, как «незрелая» шейка матки на доношенном сроке беременности, воспалительные заболевания органов малого таза, расположение плаценты по передней стенке матки, внутриматочные выскабливания в анамнезе, патология сердечно-сосудистой системы. При морфологическом исследовании у пациенток с аномалиями родовой деятельности установлены высокая степень дезорганизации пучков гладких миоцитов (р = 0,04), интерстициальный отек (р = 0,01) и выраженная степень изолирующихся гладких миоцитов (р = 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анализ клинико-анамнестических предикторов и морфологических данных, полученных после первого КC, позволит выделить женщин группы риска по прогнозированию аномалий родовой деятельности во время последующей беременности и оптимизировать тактику их родоразрешения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To determine clinical and anamnestic predictors and morphological markers of the abnormalities of labor to women delivered by cesarean section (CS).</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Design. A prospective cohort study in parallel groups.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Kursk State Medical University in the obstetric hospital of the Kursk City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care. 110 women were examined, in whom delivery was performed at 37–41 weeks of pregnancy by С-section. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group consisted of 65 women, whose indication for CS was abnormalities of labor activity that could not be medically corrected. The comparison group included 45 pregnant women, by CS due to the development of placenta-associated complications (acute intrauterine fetal hypoxia, premature of placenta abruption, severe of preeclampsia). The criteria for exclusion from the study were multiple pregnancies, severe extragenital pathology, and age over 40 years.</p><p>The examination of the patients included the study of general and obstetric anamnesis, objective, obstetric, ultrasound, dopplerometry, morphological studies and statistical processing of the results obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Statistically significant differences with a predominance to patients of the main group were revealed by the following signs: "immature" cervix at full-term pregnancy; infectious-inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs; the placenta location of the anterior wall of the uterus; history of intrauterine curettage in the anamnesis; diseases of the cardiovascular system.</p><p>Morphological examination of patients with abnormalities of labor revealed a high degree of disorganization of the smooth myocytes (p = 0.04), significant interstitial edema (p = 0.01) and a hight degree of isolating smooth myocytes (p = 0.01).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The analysis of clinical and anamnestic predictors and morphological data obtained after the first CS will allow of women at risk for predicting anomalies of labor at the time subsequent pregnancy and optimizing their delivery tactics.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аномалии родовой деятельности</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>абдоминальное родоразрешение</kwd><kwd>морфология миометрия</kwd><kwd>миоциты</kwd><kwd>мышечные волокна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anomalies of labor</kwd><kwd>cesarean section</kwd><kwd>abdominal delivery</kwd><kwd>morphology of the myometrium</kwd><kwd>myocytes</kwd><kwd>muscle fibers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Выражаем огромную благодарность Ишуниной Татьяне Александровне, д. м. н., профессору кафедры гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии ФГБОУ ВО КГМУ Минздрава России за помощь в описании и консультировании гистологических препаратов.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">We express our deep gratitude to Tatyana Aleksandrovna Ishunina, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology of the Kursk State Medical University for her assistance in describing and consulting histological preparations.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айламазян Э.К. 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