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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2023-22-2-62-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-236</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PULMONOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация ингаляционной терапии с учетом пикового инспираторного потока у пациентов с обострением хронической обструктивной болезни легких в реальной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of Inhalation Therapy Considering Peak Inspiratory Flow in Patients with Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Real Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-0632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарова Наталья Викторовна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры военно-морской терапии ФГБВОУ ВО «ВМА им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России.</p><p>198013, Санкт-Петербург, Загородный пр-т, д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>47 Zagorodny prosp., St. Petersburg, 198013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natali.sharowa2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1363-6860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкашин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkashin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черкашин Дмитрий Викторович — д. м. н., профессор, начальник кафедры военно-морской терапии ФГБВОУ ВО «ВМА им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России.</p><p>198013, Санкт-Петербург, Загородный пр-т, д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>47 Zagorodny prosp., St. Petersburg, 198013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherkashin_dmitr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1908-7954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobolev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соболев Алексей Дмитриевич — к. м. н., преподаватель кафедры военно-морской терапии ФГБВОУ ВО «ВМА им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России.</p><p>198013, Санкт-Петербург, Загородный пр-т, д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>47 Zagorodny prosp., St. Petersburg, 198013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sobolevvmeda@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2180-6885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макиев</surname><given-names>Р. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makiev</surname><given-names>R. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макиев Руслан Гайозович — д. м. н., заместитель начальника филиала по учебной и научной работе ФГБВОУ ВО «ВМА им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России.</p><p>107392, Москва, ул. Малая Черкизовская, д. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>47 Zagorodny prosp., St. Petersburg, 198013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moro5555@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6195-1814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парцерняк</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parcernjak</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Парцерняк Сергей Александрович — д. м. н., профессор, главный врач СПб ГБУЗ «Введенская ГКБ»; профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии и кардиологии им. М.С. Кушаковского ФГБОУ ВО «СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова».</p><p>191180, Санкт-Петербург, Лазаретный пер., д. 4; 191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Lazaretny Lane, St. Petersburg, 191180; 41, Kirochnaya str., St. Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">professopsa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрднеев</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jerdneev</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эрднеев Бадма Алтаевич — заведующий кабинетом функциональной диагностики СПб ГБУЗ «Введенская ГКБ».</p><p>191180, Санкт-Петербург, Лазаретный пер., д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Lazaretny Lane, St. Petersburg, 191180</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">erdneevbadma@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБУЗ «Введенская городская клиническая больница»; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vvedenskaya City Clinical Hospital; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБУЗ «Введенская городская клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vvedenskaya City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>ТЕРАПИЯ</issue-title><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шарова Н.В., Черкашин Д.В., Соболев А.Д., Макиев Р.Г., Парцерняк С.А., Эрднеев Б.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шарова Н.В., Черкашин Д.В., Соболев А.Д., Макиев Р.Г., Парцерняк С.А., Эрднеев Б.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sharova N.V., Cherkashin D.V., Sobolev A.D., Makiev R.G., Parcernjak S.A., Jerdneev B.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/236">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/236</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель статьи</title><p>Цель статьи: определить значения пикового инспираторного потока (ПИП) для выбора ингалятора у пациентов с обострением хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ) и оценить возможности оптимизации ингаляционной терапии с учетом ПИП в реальной клинической практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Дизайн</title><p>Дизайн: открытое когортное контролируемое проспективное исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 76 человек. В группу 1 вошли 32 пациента с обострением ХОБЛ, 18 из них обследованы повторно перед выпиской и прошли опрос через 3 мес после выписки из стационара. Группу 2 составили 15 пациентов со стабильной ХОБЛ. В группу 3 были отобраны 29 здоровых лиц. ПИП при использовании различных ингаляторов исследовали с помощью прибора In-Check DIALTM G16 Clement Clarke International Limited (Великобритания), фиксируя уровень без сопротивления (R0) и 5 уровней сопротивления (R1–R5). Субоптимальными значения ПИП (сПИП) считали при R0 &lt; 90, R1–R4 &lt; 60, R5 &lt; 30 л/мин. Спирометрия выполнялась на спирографе Flowscreen II (Jaeger) с записью кривой поток–объем, расчетом общепринятых показателей и на прессотахоспирографе ПТС-14П-01 для определения пиковой скорости вдоха. Статистическую обработку данных осуществляли с помощью пакета прикладных программ Statistica v. 10. По принципу Бонферрони различия считали значимыми при р &lt; 0,005.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При обострении ХОБЛ выявлено снижение ПИП от 120 до 40 л/мин (р &lt; 0,001 по сравнению с контролем) и наличие сПИП в 5–75% случаев в зависимости от типа ингаляционного устройства (в контроле сПИП не отмечено). Большинство больных при поступлении в стационар могли свободно использовать небулайзер, дозированный аэрозольный ингалятор (ДАИ), жидкостной ингалятор (Респимат) и бризхалер. Пациенты не могли создать необходимое инспираторное усилие при использовании эллипты в 47% случаев, турбухалера — в 63%, некстхалера — в 75%, хандихалера — в 31%. При доказанной положительной клинико-функциональной динамике на фоне лечения (увеличение ОФВ1 с 37% (28; 53) до 55% (37; 62), p &lt; 0,004) выявленные изменения сохранялись к моменту выписки из стационара и не достигали значений ПИП и сПИП, определяемых при стабильной ХОБЛ. Анализ ПИП и сПИП у пациентов в реальной клинической практике в зависимости от получаемых препаратов показал, что к моменту выписки из стационара половина пациентов имели сПИП, продолжали использовать ингаляторы турбухалер и хандихалер и были не способны создать адекватный ПИП для эффективной ингаляции лекарственных препаратов. Опрос больных через 3 мес после выписки из стационара показал, что пациенты с оптимальными значениями ПИП, использовавшие лекарственные средства с помощью ДАИ, Респимата и бризхалера, не имели обострений в указанные сроки. Больные с сПИП, продолжавшие пользоваться комбинацией турбухалера и хандихалера, имели обострения средней степени тяжести.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Оптимизация ингаляционной терапии на основе ПИП у пациентов с обострением ХОБЛ должна включать: 1) возможность выбора оптимального ингалятора с учетом непосредственного определения ПИП; 2) замену порошкового ингалятора с высоким сопротивлением на ДАИ/Респимат или порошковый ингалятор с низким сопротивлением прибора (бризхалер, эллипта); 3) обучение пациентов с ХОБЛ правильной технике ингаляции. Исследование ПИП при обострении ХОБЛ может помочь клиницистам выявлять пациентов с более высоким риском повторной госпитализации и проводить персонализированный подбор порошкового ингалятора.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To determine the values of peak inspiratory flow (PIP) for choosing an inhaler in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to evaluate the possibility of optimizing inhalation therapy considering PIP in real clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Design: Open cohort controlled prospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 76 people were examined. Group 1 included 32 patients with COPD exacerbation, 18 of them were re-examined before discharge and completed a survey 3 months after discharge from the hospital. Group 2 consisted of 15 patients with stable COPD. Group 3 included 29 healthy individuals. PIF using various inhalers was studied using the In-Check DIALTM G16 Clement Clarke International Limited (Great Britain), fixing the level without resistance (R0) and 5 levels of resistance (R1–R5). Suboptimal PIF (sPIF) values were considered at R0 &lt; 90, R1–R4 &lt; 60, R5 &lt; 30 l/min. Spirometry was performed on a Flowscreen II spirometer (Jaeger) with a flow-volume curve recording, calculation of generally accepted indicators, and on a PTS-14P-01 pressure-tachospirograph to determine the peak inspiratory rate. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica v. 10. According to the Bonferroni principle, differences were considered significant at p &lt; 0.005.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During exacerbation of COPD, a decrease in PIF from 120 to 40 l/min (p &lt; 0.001 compared with the control) and the presence of sPIF in 5–75% of cases, depending on the type of inhalation device, were revealed (no sPIF was noted in the control). Most patients were free to use a nebulizer, a metered-dose aerosol inhaler (MAI), a liquid inhaler (Respimat) and a breathhaler upon admission to the hospital. Patients could not create the necessary inspiratory effort when using the ellipt in 47% of cases, turbuhaler — in 63%, nexthaler — in 75%, handihaler — in 31%. With proven positive clinical and functional dynamics during treatment (increase in FEV1 from 37% (28; 53) to 55% (37; 62), p &lt; 0.004), the identified changes persisted by the time of discharge from the hospital and did not reach the values of PIF and sPIF, determined in stable COPD. Analysis of PIF and sPIF in patients in real clinical practice, depending on the drugs received, showed that by the time they were discharged from the hospital, half of the patients had sPIF, continued to use turbuhaler and handihaler inhalers, and were not able to create an adequate PIF for effective inhalation of drugs. A survey of patients 3 months after discharge from the hospital showed that patients with optimal PIF values, who used drugs with the help of PPI, Respimat and Breezhaler, did not have exacerbations within the indicated periods. Patients with CPIP who continued to use the combination of turbuhaler and handihaler had moderate exacerbations. Conclusion. Optimization of inhalation therapy based on PIP in patients with COPD exacerbation should include: 1) the possibility of choosing the optimal inhaler, considering the direct determination of PIF; 2) replacement of a high-resistance powder inhaler with a PDI/ Respimat or a low-resistance powder inhaler (breather, ellipta); 3) education of COPD patients in the correct technique of inhalation. PIF testing in COPD exacerbations may help clinicians identify patients at higher risk of readmission and personalize powder inhaler selection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>пиковый инспираторный поток</kwd><kwd>ингаляционная терапия</kwd><kwd>сопротивление ингалятора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>peak inspiratory flow</kwd><kwd>inhalation therapy</kwd><kwd>inhaler resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Report 2023). 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