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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">docru</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доктор.Ру</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-2378</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2994</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31550/1727-2378-2023-22-6-15-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">docru-193</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПСИХИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PSYCHIATRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-нейрохимические характеристики психически больных с агрессивным противоправным поведением</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and Neurochemical Characteristics of Mentally Ill Patients with Aggressive Misconduct</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-8257</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макушкина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makushkina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макушкина Оксана Анатольевна — д. м. н., профессор, руководитель отдела профилактики и мониторинга деятельности психиатрических служб </p><p>119034, г. Москва, Кропоткинский пер., д. 23 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kropotkinsky Pereulok, Moscow, 119992 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makushkina@serbsky.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-5531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурина</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurina</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурина Ольга Ивановна — д. м. н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, руководитель лаборатории нейрохимии отдела фундаментальной и прикладной нейробиологии </p><p>119034, г. Москва, Кропоткинский пер., д. 23 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kropotkinsky Pereulok, Moscow, 119992 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga672@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6358-5718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Александра Владимировна — к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник отдела профилактики и мониторинга деятельности психиатрических служб </p><p>119034, г. Москва, Кропоткинский пер., д. 23 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kropotkinsky Pereulok, Moscow, 119992 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frolova.a@serbsky.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-1916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голенкова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golenkova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голенкова Валерия Андреевна  — младший научный сотрудник отдела профилактики и мониторинга деятельности психиатрических служб </p><p>119034, г. Москва, Кропоткинский пер., д. 23 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kropotkinsky Pereulok, Moscow, 119992 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golenkova.v@serbsky.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии имени В.П. Сербского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ ПСИХИАТРИЯ</issue-title><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макушкина О.А., Гурина О.И., Фролова А.В., Голенкова В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макушкина О.А., Гурина О.И., Фролова А.В., Голенкова В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makushkina O.A., Gurina O.I., Frolova A.V., Golenkova V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/193">https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/193</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: анализ клинико-биохимических и социальных особенностей лиц с тяжелыми формами психических расстройств и агрессивным поведением. Дизайн: обсервационное одномоментное исследование. Материалы и методы. Выборку составили 110 пациентов 18–60 лет с тяжелыми психическими расстройствами и устойчивым агрессивным поведением, которые совершили правонарушения насильственного характера. При обследовании применялись клинико-психопатологический, психометрический, лабораторный, математико-статистический методы. Результаты. Респондентов характеризовали дисгармоничное воспитание с проявлениями жестокости, низкий уровень образования, семейная и трудовая дезадаптация, конфликтные взаимоотношения с окружением, материальная необеспеченность. Клинически отмечались выраженные нарушения поведения с эксплозивными вспышками, сопровождавшимися гетероагрессивными тенденциями, со снижением интеллектуального и волевого контроля, отсутствием комплаенса. Установлены статистически значимые (p &lt; 0,05) отличия биологических показателей большинства пациентов от референсных значений и корреляция между психометрическими и биохимическими данными. Заключение. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в выявление предикторов общественно опасного поведения с применением насилия у лиц с тяжелыми формами психических расстройств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: To analyse clinical, biochemical and social characteristics of patients with severe mental disorders and aggressive behaviour.</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Design: observational cross-sectional study.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We examined 110 patients of 18–60 years of age with severe mental disorders and persistent aggressive behaviour who committed acts of violence. For examination, we used clinical psychopathologic, psychometric, laboratory, mathematical and statistical methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The subjects had disturbed upbringing with signs of violence, undereducation, family and occupational maladaptation, conflict relations with people around them, financial insecurity. Clinically, they demonstrated marked behavioural disorders with explosive episodes associated with hetero-aggressive trends, with decreased intellectual and volitional control and lack of compliance. There were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) differences in biological parameters of a majority of patients vs. reference values and correlation between psychometric and biochemical data.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results contribute to the identification of predictors of socially dangerous violent behaviour in persons with severe mental disorders.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжелые психические расстройства</kwd><kwd>агрессивное поведение</kwd><kwd>насильственные правонарушения</kwd><kwd>предикторы общественной опасности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe mental disorders</kwd><kwd>aggressive behaviour</kwd><kwd>violent misconduct</kwd><kwd>predictors of social danger</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет бюджетного финансирования тем НИР учреждений. Настоящая публикация подготовлена в рамках выполнения государственного задания ФГБУ «НМИЦ ПН им. В.П. 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