docruДоктор.РуTitle1727-23782713-2994ООО "ГК "РУСМЕДИКАЛ"10.31550/1727-2378-2023-22-4-7-17docru-172Research ArticleКАРДИОМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНАCARDIOMETABOLIC MEDICINEОценка сердечно-сосудистого риска у молодых мужчинEvaluation of a Cardiovascular Risk in Young Menhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-3106ВеретюкВ. В.VeretyukV. V.

Веретюк Варвара Васильевна — ассистент кафедры неотложной терапии с эндокринологией и профпатологией

630091, Новосибирск, Красный проспект, д. 52

52 Krasny Ave, Novosibirsk,  630091

varvara@veretyuk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-7063ЦыганковаО. В.TsygankovaO. V.

Цыганкова Оксана Васильевна  — д. м. н., доцент, профессор кафедры неотложной терапии с эндокринологией и профпатологией

630091, Новосибирск, Красный проспект, д. 52

52 Krasny Ave, Novosibirsk,  630091; 90A Olgi Zhilinoy St., Novosibirsk, 630005

oksana_c.nsk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7936-7619АметовА. С.AmetovA. S.

Аметов Александр Сергеевич — д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой эндокринологии, заведующий сетевой кафедрой ЮНЕСКО по теме «Биоэтика сахарного диабета как глобальная проблема»

125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1

2/1 Barrikadnaya Str., build. 1, Moscow, 125993

alexander.ametov@gmail.comФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNovosibirsk State Medical University;Russian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины — филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН»РоссияNovosibirsk State Medical University; Scientific and Research Institute of General and Preventive Medicine — a branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences;Russian FederationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationRussian Federation202317022025224КАРДИОМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА717Copyright © Веретюк В.В., Цыганкова О.В., Аметов А.С., 20252025Веретюк В.В., Цыганкова О.В., Аметов А.С.Veretyuk V.V., Tsygankova O.V., Ametov A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://docru.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/172Цель обзора

Цель обзора: рассмотреть актуальные шкалы оценки сердечно-сосудистого риска, применимые для популяции мужчин молодого возраста (до 45 лет).

Основные положения

Основные положения. Распространенные шкалы оценки сердечного риска вовлекают в основном лиц в возрасте 40 лет и старше, что затрудняет прогнозирование развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у лиц молодого возраста и, следовательно, может приводить к низкой эффективности профилактических мероприятий в данной возрастной группе. В статье рассматриваются калькуляторы сердечно-сосудистого риска, которые могут быть применимы для молодых лиц, с обзором их основных характеристик, преимуществ и перспектив использования в клинической практике.

Заключение

Заключение. Наиболее удобными для практической работы являются шкалы оценки риска QRISK3 и Mayo Clinic Heart Disease Calculator. Их использование ограничено в связи с размещением калькуляторов на англоязычных ресурсах. Актуальной представляется валидация данных шкал на российской популяции молодых лиц. 

Aim

Aim: To review the current scales for the evaluation of a cardiovascular risk in young men (under 45 years of age).

Key Points

Key Points. The common cardiovascular risk evaluation scales are used mostly for subjects of over 40 years of age, thus complicating the prognosis of cardiovascular disorders in young people and, therefore, can result in low efficiency of preventive measures in this age group. The article describes cardiovascular risk calculators that can be used for young people, and their properties, advantages and possible use in clinical practice.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The most useful for practical settings are QRISK3 and Mayo Clinic Heart Disease Calculator. Their use is limited since these calculators are in English. Validation of these scales in Russian young people is essential. 

сердечно-сосудистый рискоценка рискамолодые мужчиныпрофилактика сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийcardiovascular riskrisk evaluationyoung mencardiovascular disorder preventionReferencesArora S., Stouffer G.A., Kucharska-Newton A.M. et al. Twenty year trends and sex differences in young adults hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2019;139(8):1047–1056. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037137Arora S., Stouffer G.A., Kucharska-Newton A.M. et al. Twenty year trends and sex differences in young adults hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2019;139(8):1047–1056. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037137Попов С.В., Гарганеева А.А., Борель К.Н. и др. Инфаркт миокарда у пациентов молодого возраста: многолетний сравнительный анализ особенностей развития, клинического течения и стратегии ведения. Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 2016;5(4):66–72.Popov S.V., Garganeeva A.A., Borel K.N. et al. Myocardial infarction in young patients: long-term analysis of specificity of appearance, clinical course and strategies of management. Complex issues of cardiovascular diseases. 2016;5(4):66–72. (in Russian)Баланова Ю.А., Шальнова С.А., Имаева А.Э. и др. Распространенность артериальной гипертонии, охват лечением и его эффективность в российской Федерации (данные наблюдательного исследования ЭССЕ-РФ-2). Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2019;15(4):450–466. DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-4-450-466Balanova Y.A., Shalnova S.A., Imaeva A.E. et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Russian Federation (data of observational ESSE- RF-2 study). Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2019;15(4):450–466. (in Russian) DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2019-15-4-450-466Баланова Ю.А., Шальнова С.А., Деев А.Д. и др. Ожирение в российской популяции — распространенность и ассоциации с факторами риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2018;(6):123–130. DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-123-130Balanova Yu.A., Shalnova S.A., Deev A.D. et al. Obesity in Russian population — prevalence and association with the non-communicable diseases risk factors. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2018;(6):123–130. (in Russian). DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2018-6-123-130Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Викулова О.К. и др. Эпидемио логические характеристики сахарного диабета в Российской Федерации: клинико-статистический анализ по данным регистра сахарного диабета на 01.01.2021. Сахарный диабет. 2021;24(3):204–221. DOI: 10.14341/DM12759Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Vikulova O.K. et al. Epidemiological characteristics of diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation: clinical and statistical analysis according to the Federal diabetes register data of 01.01.2021. Diabetes mellitus. 2021;24(3):204–221. (in Russian). DOI: 10.14341/DM12759Цыганкова О.В., Веретюк В.В. Фенотипические кластеры пациентов с хронической сердечной недостаточностью с сохраненной и промежуточной фракцией выброса: новые данные и перспективы. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2021;26(4):81–92. DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4436Tsygankova O.V., Veretyuk V.V. Phenotypic clusters in heart failure with preserved and mid-range ejection fraction: new data and perspectives. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2021;26(4):81–92. (in Russian). DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4436Aggarwal R., Yeh R.W., Joynt Maddox K.E., Wadhera R.K. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalence, treatment, and control in US adults aged 20 to 44 years, 2009 to March 2020. JAMA. 2023;329(11):899—909. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.2307Aggarwal R., Yeh R.W., Joynt Maddox K.E., Wadhera R.K. Cardiovascular risk factor prevalence, treatment, and control in US adults aged 20 to 44 years, 2009 to March 2020. JAMA. 2023;329(11):899—909. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.2307Wilmot K.A., O'Flaherty M., Capewell S. et al. Coronary heart disease mortality declines in the United States from 1979 through 2011: evidence for stagnation in young adults, especially women. Circulation. 2015;132(11):997–1002. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015293Wilmot K.A., O'Flaherty M., Capewell S. et al. Coronary heart disease mortality declines in the United States from 1979 through 2011: evidence for stagnation in young adults, especially women. Circulation. 2015;132(11):997–1002. DOI: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015293GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1223–1249. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1223–1249. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204–1222. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204–1222. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9Платонов Д.Ю., Костюк Т.А., Брандт А.И., Цыганкова О.В. Детерминанты профилактического поведения в отношении сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и факторов риска их развития у пациентов с гипертонической болезнью и хронической ишемической болезнью сердца. Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2011;7(6):718–724.Platonov D.Yu., Kostjuk T.A., Brandt A.I., Tsygankova O.V. Determinants of preventive behavior regarding cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in patients with essential hypertension and chronic ischemic heart disease. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2011;7(6):718–724. (in Russian).Sacramento-Pacheco J., Duarte-Clíments G., Gómez-Salgado J. et al. Cardiovascular risk assessment tools: a scoping review. Aust. Crit. Care. 2019;32(6):540–559. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2018.09.008Sacramento-Pacheco J., Duarte-Clíments G., Gómez-Salgado J. et al. Cardiovascular risk assessment tools: a scoping review. Aust. Crit. Care. 2019;32(6):540–559. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2018.09.008Wilkins J.T., Karmali K.N., Huffman M.D. et al. Data resource profile: the cardiovascular disease lifetime risk pooling project. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2015;44(5):1557–1564. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv150Wilkins J.T., Karmali K.N., Huffman M.D. et al. Data resource profile: the cardiovascular disease lifetime risk pooling project. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2015;44(5):1557–1564. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv150Khan S.S., Ning H., Wilkins J.T. et al. Association of body mass index with lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease and compression of morbidity. JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(4):280–287. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2018.0022Khan S.S., Ning H., Wilkins J.T. et al. Association of body mass index with lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease and compression of morbidity. JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(4):280–287. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio. 2018.0022Andersson C., Johnson A.D., Benjamin E.J. et al. 70-year legacy of the Framingham Heart Study. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2019;16(11):687–698. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0202-5Andersson C., Johnson A.D., Benjamin E.J. et al. 70-year legacy of the Framingham Heart Study. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2019;16(11):687–698. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0202-5Rossello X., Dorresteijn J.A., Janssen A. et al. Risk prediction tools in cardiovascular disease prevention: a report from the ESC Prevention of CVD Programme led by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in collaboration with the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA) and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (ACNAP). Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 2019;26(14):1534–1544. DOI: 10.1177/2047487319846715Rossello X., Dorresteijn J.A., Janssen A. et al. Risk prediction tools in cardiovascular disease prevention: a report from the ESC Prevention of CVD Programme led by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in collaboration with the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association (ACCA) and the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions (ACNAP). Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 2019;26(14):1534–1544. DOI: 10.1177/2047487319846715D'Agostino R.B. Sr, Vasan R.S., Pencina M.J. et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008;117(6):743–753. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579D'Agostino R.B. Sr, Vasan R.S., Pencina M.J. et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008;117(6):743–753. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.699579Pencina M.J., D'Agostino R.B. Sr, Larson M.G. et al. Predicting the 30-year risk of cardiovascular disease: the framingham heart study. Circulation. 2009;119(24):3078–3084. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816694Pencina M.J., D'Agostino R.B. Sr, Larson M.G. et al. Predicting the 30-year risk of cardiovascular disease: the framingham heart study. Circulation. 2009;119(24):3078–3084. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816694Rospleszcz S., Starnecker F., Linkohr B. et al. Validation of the 30-year Framingham Risk Score in a German population-based cohort. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(4):965. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040965Rospleszcz S., Starnecker F., Linkohr B. et al. Validation of the 30-year Framingham Risk Score in a German population-based cohort. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(4):965. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040965Piepoli M.F., Hoes A.W., Agewall S. et al. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur. Heart J. 2016;37(29):2315– 2381. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106Piepoli M.F., Hoes A.W., Agewall S. et al. 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR). Eur. Heart J. 2016;37(29):2315– 2381. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw106SCORE2 working group and ESC Cardiovascular risk collaboration. SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(25):2439–2454. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab309SCORE2 working group and ESC Cardiovascular risk collaboration. SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(25):2439–2454. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab309Visseren F.L.J., Mach F., Smulders Y.M. et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(34):3227–3337. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484Visseren F.L.J., Mach F., Smulders Y.M. et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur. Heart J. 2021;42(34):3227–3337. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484Arnett D.K., Blumenthal R.S., Albert M.A. et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: a Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678Arnett D.K., Blumenthal R.S., Albert M.A. et al. 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: a Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019;140(11):e596-e646. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678JBS3 Board. Joint British Societies' consensus recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (JBS3). Heart. 2014;100 Suppl 2:ii1–ii67. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305693JBS3 Board. Joint British Societies' consensus recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (JBS3). Heart. 2014;100 Suppl 2:ii1–ii67. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305693Pasternak R.C. Report of the Adult Treatment Panel III: the 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines on the detection, evaluation and treatment of elevated cholesterol in adults. Cardiol. Clin. 2003;21(3):393–398. DOI: 10.1016/s0733-8651(03)00080-8Pasternak R.C. Report of the Adult Treatment Panel III: the 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines on the detection, evaluation and treatment of elevated cholesterol in adults. Cardiol. Clin. 2003;21(3):393–398. DOI: 10.1016/s0733-8651(03)00080-8Hippisley-Cox J., Coupland C., Brindle P. Development and validation of QRISK3 risk prediction algorithms to estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2017;357:j2099. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j2099Hippisley-Cox J., Coupland C., Brindle P. Development and validation of QRISK3 risk prediction algorithms to estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2017;357:j2099. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j2099O'Callaghan C.J., Rong P., Goh M.Y. National guidelines for the management of absolute cardiovascular disease risk. Med. J. Aust. 2014;200(8):454–456. DOI: 10.5694/mja13.11162O'Callaghan C.J., Rong P., Goh M.Y. National guidelines for the management of absolute cardiovascular disease risk. Med. J. Aust. 2014;200(8):454–456. DOI: 10.5694/mja13.11162Mu X., Wu A., Hu H. et al. Assessment of QRISK3 as a predictor of cardiovascular disease events in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front. Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:1077632. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077632Mu X., Wu A., Hu H. et al. Assessment of QRISK3 as a predictor of cardiovascular disease events in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front. Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:1077632. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077632Powell-Wiley T.M., Poirier P., Burke L.E. et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(21):e984–e1010. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973Powell-Wiley T.M., Poirier P., Burke L.E. et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(21):e984–e1010. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973Krakauer N.Y., Krakauer J.C. A new body shape index predicts mortality hazard independently of body mass index. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e39504. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039504Krakauer N.Y., Krakauer J.C. A new body shape index predicts mortality hazard independently of body mass index. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e39504. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039504Fang H., Berg E., Cheng X., Shen W. How to best assess abdominal obesity. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 2018;21(5):360–365. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000485Fang H., Berg E., Cheng X., Shen W. How to best assess abdominal obesity. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 2018;21(5):360–365. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000485Gažarová M., Galšneiderová M., Mečiarová L. Obesity diagnosis and mortality risk based on a body shape index (ABSI) and other indices and anthropometric parameters in university students. Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. 2019;70(3):267–275. DOI: 10.32394/rpzh.2019.0077Gažarová M., Galšneiderová M., Mečiarová L. Obesity diagnosis and mortality risk based on a body shape index (ABSI) and other indices and anthropometric parameters in university students. Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. 2019;70(3):267–275. DOI: 10.32394/rpzh.2019.0077Jayedi A., Soltani S., Zargar M.S. et al. Central fatness and risk of all cause mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 72 prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2020;370:m3324. DOI: 10.1136/ bmj.m3324Jayedi A., Soltani S., Zargar M.S. et al. Central fatness and risk of all cause mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 72 prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2020;370:m3324. DOI: 10.1136/ bmj.m3324

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.